As far as I know, the only after market header that carries a CARB EO # is the Edelbrock. So to answer your question, no, the B&B headers are not legal in the PRK. With your set up you should still pass the Smog sniffer test but if the inspector recognized it as an aftermarket header, he would have to locate the EO #. If he can't find one, he can't pass you on the visual. Easy solution would be to put the factory heat shields on and everything will look OEM.
As for your high flow cats and catback, shouldn't be a problem (as if they can visually inspect your cats). Your question regarding the police giving you a ticket for loud exhaust...only advice is to be aware of your surroundings when you jump on it.
Headers with factory heat shields.